What is the principle behind composting?

The principle behind composting is the breakdown of organic waste using microorganisms. This natural process involves the decomposition of organic materials such as food scraps, yard waste, and other biodegradable materials by bacteria, fungi, and other decomposers. These microorganisms feed on the organic matter, breaking it down into simpler substances.

As they work, they produce heat, which can accelerate the breakdown process and create a suitable environment for further microbial activity. This results in the production of compost, a nutrient-rich soil amendment that can enhance soil quality, improve water retention, and support plant growth.

Composting not only helps in recycling organic waste but also reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills and mitigates greenhouse gas emissions associated with waste decomposition in anaerobic conditions. Thus, the focus on the role of microorganisms in breaking down organic waste is fundamental to understanding the composting process.