Which of the following is a common method for disinfection in water treatment?

Disinfection in water treatment is a crucial process to eliminate pathogens and ensure the water is safe for consumption. Among the methods listed, each can effectively disinfect water, which is why the correct choice encompasses all of them.

Ultraviolet (UV) light disinfection utilizes short-wavelength UV radiation to kill bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens without the need for chemicals. This method is gaining popularity due to its effectiveness and the absence of residual chemicals that might alter the taste or quality of water.

Oxidation is another common disinfection process, often involving substances such as chlorine. Oxidizing agents can effectively destroy microorganisms by breaking down their cell walls or disrupting their metabolic functions, ensuring that harmful pathogens are rendered non-viable.

Boiling is a straightforward and traditionally practiced method of disinfection. By heating water to its boiling point, most harmful microorganisms are effectively killed. This method is particularly useful in emergency situations or where more advanced treatment options are unavailable.

Together, these methods illustrate the variety of approaches that can be employed in water treatment to achieve effective disinfection, thus supporting the choice that all listed methods contribute to this essential public health function.